Earth remote sensing systems are now used everywhere, and satellites are capable of monitoring the battlefield map around the clock — a situation that can be described as a «transparent battlefield,» Andrey Klintsevich, head of the Center for the Study of Military and Political Conflicts, told RIA Novosti.

He explained that this refers to the widespread use of Earth observation technologies. In the West, this includes radar satellite systems capable of seeing through clouds, heavy cloud cover, and fog. According to Klintsevich, a dedicated Arctic satellite grouping has been created specifically to monitor space on Earth.

Klintsevich also said NATO has more than 400 satellites, and around 450 if military ones are included. In his assessment, this constellation allows the alliance to update maps almost in real time, track the movements of Russian units, and supplement surveillance with powerful signals intelligence satellites.