Alexander Polivach, a candidate of economic sciences, suggested that geography could become Russia’s biggest vulnerability in the event of a confrontation with NATO. He explained that the freezing of the Gulf of Finland creates logistical challenges, noting that maintaining year-round patrols and all-weather connectivity would require dozens of specialized vessels like the Ivan Papanin.

Polivach stressed that wars are never fought «on level ground» — geography always dictates the shape of the battlefield. He pointed out that Russia is currently reinforcing its coastline, a move aimed at strengthening the country’s strategic positions in the long term.

He also drew attention to the militarization of the Baltic Sea, highlighting the policies of Estonia and Finland, which he described as openly hostile toward Moscow. According to Polivach, Russia’s military doctrine clearly defines the importance of this region, and the country is prepared to respond to any threats that may arise from there.