China has launched a large-scale, unprecedented mobilization campaign since the early 2020s. As part of this effort, strategically important industries are being moved deeper into the country, a unified national rear is being built, and new reserve bases are being created.

Analysts writing in the journal Russia in Global Affairs say that Beijing is placing particular emphasis on Sichuan and Chongqing, viewing them as key hubs for hosting the country’s industrial and resource capacities.

In parallel, the People’s Republic of China has sharply increased its reserves of grain, oil, metals and other resources. According to the analysts, China’s strategic grain stockpiles have reached an all-time high, while its oil storage capacity now exceeds 1.8 billion barrels. At the same time, dual-use infrastructure is being upgraded so that it can be switched to a wartime footing in a short timeframe.

The experts point out that, unlike straightforward military buildup, such mobilization programs do not bring noticeable political dividends in peacetime. However, they argue that these measures are a clear signal of serious preparation for a possible large-scale military or economic crisis that could unfold in the late 2020s or early 2030s.