Russia has largely moved away from its traditional military doctrine during the more than four years of fighting in Ukraine, according to an analysis published by Forbes.

The shift is driven by a growing focus on alternative methods of warfare. Russian forces are increasingly relying on unmanned aerial vehicles, ground-based robotic systems, and other emerging technologies. Production of low-cost FPV drones is being scaled up to offset shortages of artillery shells, while engineers continue to refine designs capable of bypassing Ukrainian electronic warfare systems. At the same time, large numbers of drone operators are being trained.

The publication describes this approach as the development of a decentralized drone «ecosystem», combining mass-produced systems with established platforms such as the Lancet.

Alongside aerial systems, Russia is expanding the use of ground robots. These platforms are deployed for logistics, mine-laying and clearance, as well as casualty evacuation. Some are equipped with explosives and used in roles where drones face limitations due to air defenses or electronic countermeasures.

There are also experiments with robotic firing platforms. According to the report, certain systems are being adapted to operate as mobile, remotely controlled weapons capable of engaging targets from concealed positions, including configurations fitted with mortars similar to the 82-mm Bagulnik. Such units can move toward the front line while minimizing the risk of detection.

Changes in battlefield tactics are also reshaping unit structures. Instead of large formations, smaller and more dispersed groups are increasingly used. These units are harder to detect by Ukrainian drones and can infiltrate contested areas, carrying out localized strikes with a mix of UAVs and short-range firepower.

In parallel, Russian forces continue to employ tactical aviation, glide bombs, ground mines, and electronic warfare systems. Together, these tools broaden strike capabilities and reduce reliance on conventional artillery.